(Erikson, Vaillant and Levinson) All stage models attempt to describe normative personality change. Changes in personality may be associated with age, that are universal and common to most members of a population. Most stage models postulate, "Life Task" that occur in a certain sequence and if not accomplished, development to the next stage may be weakened.
1. Erikson: Balancing positive and negative tendencies. For Erikson, personality is balancing or harmonizing each of which appear at a particular age and a given stage. Stage 6 is "intimacy vs isolation crises" meaning that deeper social commitments are essential to healthy development. Stage 7 "Genervativity vs Stagnation" whereby through teaching or mentorship one assists others in reaching their goals and in this way one makes a lasting contribution. At Stage 8 "Integrity vs Dispair" one reflects and see the whole of life, without disturbing regret and wishing to return to do it again and differently. Each stage has a virtue of devotion to another stage, to the virtue of a widening commitment to others, to the virtue of wisdom about life.
cont...........with Valliant.........
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