Three levels of Adult Cognitive Development, Labouvie-Vief (1990 B)
1. Intra systemic level: corresponds to Piaget’s formal operations where students are logical within a given system but have difficulty reflecting on alternative systems (see Perry at previous blog referring to rigidity.
2. Inter systemic level: awareness of multiple contradicting thoughts. Although they can see and tolerate other systems, they still see “other” systems as distinct and irreconcilable.
3. Integrated Level openness: flexibility and reflection. One is able to draw on different perspectives and value systems, choosing principles and acting on them. Truth is based on rational disciplined reflection.
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