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Monday, 15 October 2012

tid bits of psychology notes

Introspection is knowing ourselves.  The more we look within ourselves, the more we begin to understand ourselves.  Therapy focuses within the inner – know thyself.  You are actually paying someone in therapy to introduce you to yourself.  How we project ourselves on the outside can be very different from what we are in the inside.

As rehearsal, when it comes to learning increases, relearning time decreases.  Take time to understand what you are learning, grasp it and rehearse it and if so, the next time your relearn, time is less.   Repetition resists decay, interference and obliteration.
When we dissociate we are no longer clear because we associate with something else.  An example of this would be that we are all individuals but part of groups.  Sometimes, I have to step back and find myself.  There is a loss of identity but when we step back and therefore with the information we take it apart from the rest and know if for itself. 
Review;
Thinking integratively -  integrating new experience with what you already know.  Mature adults interpret what they read, see, or hear in terms of its meaning for them.  Instead of accepting something at face value, they filter it through their own life experience and learning.  Integrative thinking has emotional and social implications.
In accordance with post formal theorists, people at the stage of formal operations, are in the grip of polarized thinking.  They do not see when there may be truth, logic or validity in more than one point of view.

Abuse by homosexual parents is rare.  Most abusive acts are committed by heterosexual parents.
Invitro fertilization of an ovum outside the mother’s body and later implantation in her uterous.
Ovum transfer – inplantation of an ovum donated by a fertile woman.

Blended family (step family)

Saturday, 13 October 2012

The Creative Person (psych notes)

Creativity has five levels:
1.  Spontaneous expressions (eg.  child’s scribbling).
2.  producing artistic and scientific works.
3.  inventing a new and useful object method and technique.
4.  modifying a concept.
5.  originating a revolutionary new principle or movement.

Optimal IQ for creative development is only about 19 points above average for a particular field.
Intelligence tests -  convergent thinking – seeks a single right answer (usually the conventional one)   
Creative tests -        divergent thinking comes up with a wide array of fresh possibilities.  Divergent thinking is not the only factor in creativity.   Also important are sensitivity to problems and the ability to redefine or re-interpret them so as to obtain unique solutions.
Freud maintained that creativity is a result of sublimated sexual tension.
 Creative people tend to be courageous,  independent, honest, tenacious, curious and willing to take risks and above all they have a passion for what they do.
Affect tolerance -  ability to tolerate negative feelings is required for creative work.  Also intrinsic motivation, anger, fear, sadness, shame, depression, anxiety, self depreciation and sensitivity to rejection are a necessary part of the process. 

Friday, 12 October 2012

Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love (psych notes)

According to this theorist, love has three faces:  Intimacy, passion and commitment.  Intimacy is an emotional element.  Passion is a motivational element.  Commitment is a cognition element.  The degrees to which these are present determine the kind and quality of relationship.  Different elements may be emphasized at different stages of the life cycle.  And as Assortative Mating implies, it is not that opposite attract as much as people who share values, beliefs, socio-economic features in common.

Thursday, 11 October 2012

Is it time for psychotherapy?

When is it time to get therapy?
The short answer is when you are ready.
    The stigma of having therapy is something many have problems with.  The old notion of thinking was, there is nothing wrong with me; what will people think? I am strong and I don’t need anything to help me.  It is not me having the problem, it is her and vice versa.  No one cares about me.  What will I do? 
     Sometimes it is as simple as taking a step back and acknowledging that we are so consumed with what is happening in our lives, that we cannot focus on what the problem really is.  There is too much static so to speak to see clearly what we are dealing with.  Having someone who is not judging you but really trying to help you, can help you process through these filters.
     We cannot, no matter how much we want to change someone, force that upon someone.  The idea of he or she will change when we are married, when we have a baby etc….may simply not be the answer.  But we can change ourselves, if we want to and even that may be very difficult.  Are we ready?  Are we ready to rediscover who we really are after letting down the barriers?  Do we understand why we allow ourselves to be beaten?  Do we understand what it is that motivates us to keep up the behaviours that is tearing us apart? 
    The short answer of not getting therapy is quite short.  What is keeping you from being ready?  Do you have the need to tell someone what is bothering you, but you can’t?  Can you not afford it?  Can you afford not to?    How do you trust someone again?  Will you be judged?  What will people say?  How will I be respected if I am weak?  First of all, getting help is not a sign of weakness; it is a sign of strength.   What is stopping you, from helping yourself find yourself again?  Are you in a place where you want to be?  If not, why not?          

Friday, 5 October 2012

Happy Thanksgiving

      Canada celebrates Thanksgiving this Monday.  I shall spend Sunday with family and Monday with my mom.  I won’t be eating the turkey as I became a vegetarian after seeing a rabbit being killed.  Initially, I thought it was one of my pets, so no turkey for me.  I am thankful that I am a Canadian who was and is educated here, work here and play here.  I am thankful that I was offered the opportunity to serve my country, given the opportunity to travel and see parts of the world and to return home with a new found appreciation of what I had left behind.  I am thankful for everyone who is in my life and touches my soul.  So, before I bore you all with my thankfulness, I wish to thank you for checking out my blog and wish you a Happy Thanksgiving where ever you are!
     I am now in the process of trying to design my own web site www.redigondapsychothrapy.com   I should have it finished by Christmas.  It is fun taking a course just for fun with no intense readings, papers and exams.  The world of the web is quite fascinating but I am more people orientated and very social preferring face to face contact.  However, the internet is a very important facet of society and an extension tool for providing counselling and psychotherapy for people who would not be able to get it otherwise or are too shy to meet in person.  Check out my blog regarding the paper I wrote for internet counselling.  You will see the cons and pros of internet counselling.  It is a matter of time before we all enter the realm of the internet for providing counselling/psychotherapy.
    Why not take the time to examine what you have to be thankful for?  Thanksgiving as with all holidays can be a very stressful time for many.  Perhaps this is a good time to examine who is positive in your life and who is not.  Why is that so?  Who makes you happy?  Who makes you sad?  Why?  What can you do to change this?  What can you change in yourself to make life a bit more for yourself?  Thanksgiving is a time of reaching out to someone who may have no one in their lives.  Why not a friendly visit to an elderly person?  Why not reconnect with that special person?  Why not just say Happy Thanksgiving to someone who may not have heard of it in sometime?  Why not celebrate in your own way today?

Happy Thanksgiving  

Wednesday, 3 October 2012

Relationships tid bit, psychology notes

Theories of Relationships - Erickson
Erikson’s psychosocial theory emphasizes the necessity of developing intimate long term relationships.  Intimacy may take a romantic form as well as be of a deep friendship sort.  In mid-life what may be lacking in terms of quantity in friends for example, may be made up in quality of relationships.  Quality is especially important for the meaningfulness of friendships as well as a buffer in times of stress.

Sunday, 30 September 2012

Kohlberg’s Moral Stages - psych notes......cont...

Kohlberg’s Moral Stages
Pre conventional is an emphasis on avoiding punishment and getting rewards
0 – pre-moral     (no moral)
Stage 1      - Heteronymous morality:  punishment and obedience orientation (physical consequences determine what is     
                    good and bad. 
Stage 2         Naïve hedonistic orientation – what satisfies one’s own needs is good).
Conventional (emphasis on social rules)
Stage 3         Interpersonal conformity – ethics of peer opinion, good boy – good girl orientation (what pleases or helps others is good)
Stage 4         Social system orientation, conformity to social system; ethics of law and order- social order (maintaining social order; doing one’s duty is good)
Post Conventional – emphasis of moral principals
Stage 5         social contract orientations- ethics of social contract and individual rights - legalistic orientation (values agreed by society determine what is right)
Stage 6         universal ethical principal (what is right is a matter of conscience in accordance
                     with universal principals.  Ethics of self chosen universal principals.
Note:   One may not reach all stages and/or one may move back and forth along the stages.
  Piaget studies of children’s moral reasoning revealed that children’s moral schemata develop out of existing cognitive structures.  From moral co-operation to autonomy.  The child moves from a reliance on authority to socially developed rules.  In the interest of others to a recognition that there are other rules of personal responsibility, a higher personal morality.